Using a Chlorinator with a Storage Tank
We recently received a letter from a reader in Alaska who wondered how to install a chlorinator for use with a storage tank. Different types of chlorinators can be installed in various setups, such as inline and offline chlorinators, each integrating differently into the pool’s plumbing system. This is a common setup because it is easy to install and effective at killing rotten-egg odor and oxidizing iron and manganese in water by continuously adding chlorine.
A standard installation of a chlorinator and storage tank will look something like this:
When the upper float switch in the storage tank drops, the well pump and the chlorine metering pump turn on, and water starts flowing into the storage tank. As the water flows past the chlorinator's injection point, a small amount of chlorine is automatically injected into the water.
Depending on the water’s pH, 1.0 PPM of chlorine is typically injected for every 1.0 PPM of iron. For hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a dosage of 2.0 to 4.0 PPM of chlorine is needed for every 1.0 PPM of H2S.
The storage tank allows time for the chlorine to work on the odors and oxidize the iron and H2S. After the tank, a Pro-OX or Greensand iron filter can be used to remove any oxidized particles and sediment commonly present after chlorination. Some people also install an automatically backwashing carbon filter to remove any chlorine residual and polish the water to a fine clarity. The result is clean, disinfected, odor-free, iron-free water!
A standard installation of a chlorinator and storage tank will look something like this:
Introduction
Welcome to our comprehensive guide to chlorinators. A chlorinator is a device that adds chlorine to water to help keep it clean, clear, and properly treated. In this guide, we’ll cover the basics of how chlorinators work, the different types available, and how to choose the right one for your water treatment system.
We’ll also explore installation and maintenance tips, safety precautions, and ways to get the most out of your chlorinator. Whether you’re new to water treatment or looking to upgrade your current setup, this guide will help you confidently maintain clean, safe water.
Feel free to browse the sections for detailed information on selecting, installing, and maintaining your chlorination system.
Types of Chlorinators
When it comes to effective water treatment, there are several types of chlorinators to choose from, each offering unique features for various system setups:
- Inline Chlorinators: These are installed directly into a water line and automatically dispense chlorine as the water flows through. They're ideal for continuous chlorination without manual input.
- Offline Chlorinators: Installed alongside the main plumbing and connected with tubing, offline chlorinators offer easy access and maintenance without interfering with the core system.
- Floating Chlorinators: Designed to float on the surface of a tank or reservoir, these units gradually release chlorine tablets over time. They’re a simple, low-maintenance option for smaller-scale applications.
- Salt Chlorine Generators: These systems use salt to generate chlorine on-site, reducing the need for chemical storage. They’re valued for producing a steady chlorine supply while being gentler on equipment.
- Automatic Chlorinators: These systems are programmed to maintain consistent chlorine levels without manual input, making them ideal for safely treating water with minimal oversight.
- Manual Chlorinators: In manual systems, chlorine tablets or liquid chlorine are added by hand. While they require regular monitoring, they provide flexibility and control over dosing.
Chlorinators can be powered electrically, through solar energy, or operated manually, giving users a variety of options depending on their setup and maintenance preferences. Understanding the different types of chlorinators helps ensure your water treatment system remains effective, safe, and easy to manage.
Storage Tank Compatibility
Choosing the right storage tank for your chlorinator ensures safe and effective water treatment. Keep these considerations in mind:
- Match the Design: Select a storage tank built to handle the type and volume of chlorine your system uses. This helps maintain consistent dosing and safety.
- Store Chlorine Safely: Keep chlorine tablets or liquid in a well-ventilated space, away from heat and direct sunlight. Proper storage preserves strength and prevents dangerous reactions.
- Use Durable Materials: Choose a tank made from chlorine-resistant materials to avoid leaks and extend equipment life.
- Follow Manufacturer Guidelines: Adhere to instructions for storage, handling, and system use to reduce risk and maintain performance.
- Install and Maintain Properly: Set up your chlorinator and tank according to the manufacturer’s specs. Perform routine maintenance to prevent clogs and ensure reliable operation.
- Inspect Regularly: Check both the tank and chlorinator for wear or damage. Fixing small issues early helps avoid costly repairs and keeps the system running smoothly.
Installation and Maintenance
Installing and maintaining your chlorinator is crucial to ensuring it works properly and lasts for a long time. Here are a few tips to keep in mind:
- Follow the Manufacturer’s Instructions: Always adhere to the manufacturer’s guidelines for installing and maintaining your chlorinator. This ensures that the device operates correctly and efficiently.
- Regularly Clean the Chlorinator: Keeping your chlorinator clean is essential for its proper functioning. Regular cleaning prevents buildup and blockages that can impair performance and ensures the chlorinator operates with minimum manual effort.
- Check the Chlorine Levels: Regularly monitor the chlorine levels in your pool to ensure they are within safe range. This helps maintain clean and safe pool water.
- Replace the Chlorinator as Needed: Chlorinators typically need replacing every 3-5 years. Monitor their performance and replace them when necessary to ensure your pool water remains safe and clean.
Pump and Filter Integration
Your pump and filter system should be compatible with the chlorine delivery setup to ensure proper circulation and distribution. A well-matched system supports efficient and consistent water treatment.
Regular Testing and Adjustment
Consistent testing and adjustment of chlorine levels are essential for maintaining safe, treated water. This helps prevent the growth of unwanted organisms and ensures that water remains clear and free of harmful pathogens.
Part of a Complete Maintenance System
Chlorine systems can be used alongside other water treatment components, such as filtration units or monitoring equipment, to create a comprehensive maintenance solution. This integrated approach helps maintain clean, well-balanced water in various settings.
Safety and Precautions
- Always Follow the Manufacturer’s Instructions: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for using and maintaining your chlorinator. This helps prevent accidents and ensures the device operates safely.
- Wear Protective Gear: Always wear protective gear, such as gloves and goggles, when handling chlorine. Chlorine can be harmful if it comes into contact with your skin or eyes.
- Keep Out of Reach of Children: Chlorinators can be dangerous to children, so store chlorine and other pool chemicals in a secure location.
- Regularly Inspect: Regularly inspect your chlorinator to ensure it is working properly and not leaking. Ensure the chlorinator is distributing chlorine consistently each day the pool pump operates. Address any issues immediately to prevent accidents and maintain safe pool water.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How does a chlorinator work?
It automatically dispenses chlorine into your water supply, helping to disinfect and control bacteria, algae, and other contaminants.
2. What does it do in a water treatment system?
It introduces controlled amounts of chlorine to neutralize harmful microbes and improve overall water safety.
3. Where should I install it on a well system?
Install it before your pressure tank to ensure thorough disinfection of all incoming water.
4. Can it treat sulfur odors in well water?
Yes, many setups can help reduce rotten egg smells caused by hydrogen sulfide when paired with proper filtration.
5. What’s the best type for a residential well?
A proportional-feed or pellet-drop model is often recommended, depending on your flow rate and water chemistry.
6. How do I clean the chlorinator cell?
Use a mild acid solution, such as diluted vinegar, to remove scale and buildup. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines.
7. How do I test chlorine levels in my water?
Use chlorine test strips or a liquid test kit to monitor levels and ensure safe drinking water.
8. What kind of chlorine should I use?
Liquid bleach (sodium hypochlorite) and chlorine pellets are common choices, depending on your system type.
9. Can a chlorinator help with iron bacteria?
Yes, when used with an iron filter, chlorine disinfection can effectively treat iron bacteria in well water.
10. Is maintenance required?
Yes—routine tasks include refilling the chlorine solution or pellets and cleaning the system to prevent clogs or corrosion.
